Crinoid Fossil Stem Echinoid Mineral Sea Life Specimen w/ Display Case & ID Card

Crinoid Fossil Stem Echinoid Mineral Sea Life Specimen w/ Display Case & ID Card
Crinoid Fossil Stem Echinoid Mineral Sea Life Specimen w/ Display Case & ID Card
Crinoid Fossil Stem Echinoid Mineral Sea Life Specimen w/ Display Case & ID Card
Crinoid Fossil Stem Echinoid Mineral Sea Life Specimen w/ Display Case & ID Card
Crinoid Fossil Stem Echinoid Mineral Sea Life Specimen w/ Display Case & ID Card
Crinoid Fossil Stem Echinoid Mineral Sea Life Specimen w/ Display Case & ID Card
Crinoid Fossil Stem Echinoid Mineral Sea Life Specimen w/ Display Case & ID Card
Crinoid Fossil Stem Echinoid Mineral Sea Life Specimen w/ Display Case & ID Card
Crinoid Fossil Stem Echinoid Mineral Sea Life Specimen w/ Display Case & ID Card
Crinoid Fossil Stem Echinoid Mineral Sea Life Specimen w/ Display Case & ID Card
Crinoid Fossil Stem Echinoid Mineral Sea Life Specimen w/ Display Case & ID Card


$5.99 Buy It Now or Best Offer
free,30-Day Returns





Seller Store callistodesigns
(42696) 99.6%,

Location: Tucson, Arizona
Ships to: US,
Item: 364297755494

Restocking Fee:No
Return shipping will be paid by:Seller
All returns accepted:Returns Accepted
Item must be returned within:30 Days
Refund will be given as:Money Back

This listing is for a really fascinating crinoid specimen in a display jar, including an info card providing information about crinoids and the location this specimen came from. This kit is great for avid fossil and mineral specimen collectors or beginners. It would be a perfect gift set for getting someone interested in fossil collecting and science. The 1 centimeter scale cube is for size comparison only. It is not included in the sale. The photos are of several different specimens, but this listings is for one specimen with an info card. The photos show multiple specimens to give a representation of the variety of shapes and colors in these specimens. I offer a shipping discount for customers who combine their payments for multiple purchases into one payment! The discount is regular shipping price for the first item and just 50 cents for each additional item! To be sure you get your shipping discount just make sure all the items you want to purchase are in your cart. Auctions you win are added to your cart automatically. For any “buy it now” items or second chance offers, be sure to click the “add to cart” button, NOT the “buy it now” button. Once all of your items are in your cart just pay for them from your cart and the combined shipping discount should be applied automatically. I offer a money back guarantee on every item I sell. If you are not 100% happy with your purchase just send me a message to let me know and I will buy back the item for your full purchase price. Crinoids are ancient marine animals related to starfish, urchins, and sand dollars that have existed for over 480 million years and can still be found living in the oceans today. A crinoid is made of three basic sections; the stem, the calyx (center section containing the mouth and organs), and the arms. This specimen is a section of fossilized crinoid stem. It is roughly 400 million years old and was found in Morocco. If you have any questions, do not hesitate to ask me. CrinoidFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to navigationJump to searchCrinoidsTemporal range: Darriwilian–Holocene[1] PreЄЄOSDCPTJKPgNCrinoid on the reef of Batu Moncho Island.JPGCrinoid on the reef of Batu Moncho Island, IndonesiaScientific classificationKingdom:AnimaliaPhylum:EchinodermataSubphylum:CrinozoaClass:CrinoideaMiller, 1821[2]SubclassesArticulata (540 species)†Flexibilia†Camerata†Disparida Crinoids are marine animals that make up the class Crinoidea of the echinoderms (phylum Echinodermata). The name comes from the Greek word krinon, “a lily”, and eidos, “form”.[3][4] They live in both shallow water[5] and in depths as great as 9,000 meters (30,000 ft).[6] Those crinoids which in their adult form are attached to the sea bottom by a stalk are commonly called sea lilies.[7] The unstalked forms are called feather stars[8] or comatulids.[9] Crinoids are characterised by a mouth on the top surface that is surrounded by feeding arms. They have a U-shaped gut, and their anus is located next to the mouth. Although the basic echinoderm pattern of fivefold symmetry can be recognised, most crinoids have many more than five arms. Crinoids usually have a stem used to attach themselves to a substrate, but many live attached only as juveniles and become free-swimming as adults. There are only about 600 extant crinoid species,[10] but they were much more abundant and diverse in the past. Some thick limestone beds dating to the mid- to late-Paleozoic are almost entirely made up of disarticulated crinoid fragments. Contents1Morphology2Biology2.1Feeding2.2Predation2.3Circulatory systems2.4Nervous system2.5Reproduction and life cycle3Mobility4Evolution4.1Origins4.2Diversity4.3Fossils5Taxonomy6Crinoid uses7Picture galleries8See also9ReferencesMorphology A stalked crinoid drawn by Ernst Haeckel Close-up on the calyx of a characteristic abyssal stalked crinoid. Ten arms are visible, with their pinnules.Crinoids comprise three basic sections; the stem, the calyx, and the arms. The stem is composed of highly porous ossicles which are connected by ligamentary tissue. The calyx contains the crinoid’s digestive and reproductive organs, and the mouth is located at the top of the dorsal cup, while the anus is located peripheral to it. The arms display pentamerism or pentaradial symmetry and comprise smaller ossicles than the stem and are equipped with cilia which facilitate feeding by moving the organic media down the arm and into the mouth. The majority of living crinoids are free-swimming and have only a vestigial stalk. In those deep-sea species that still retain a stalk, it may reach up to 1 metre (3.3 ft) in length, although it is usually much smaller. The base of the stalk consists of a disc-like sucker, which, in some species, has root-like structures that further increase its grip on the underlying surface. The stalk is often lined by small cirri.[11] Like other echinoderms, crinoids have pentaradial symmetry. The aboral surface of the body is studded with plates of calcium carbonate, forming an endoskeleton similar to that in starfish and sea urchins. These make the calyx somewhat cup-shaped, and there are few, if any, ossicles in the oral (upper) surface. The upper surface, or tegmen, is divided into five ambulacral areas, including a deep groove from which the tube feet project, and five interambulacral areas between them. The anus, unusually for echinoderms, is found on the same surface as the mouth, at the edge of the tegmen.[11] The ambulacral grooves extend onto the arms, which thus have tube feet along their inner surfaces. Primitively, crinoids had only five arms, but in most living species these are divided into two, giving ten arms in total. In most living species, especially the free-swimming feather stars, the arms branch several times, producing up to two hundred branches in total. The arms are jointed, and lined by smaller feather-like appendages, or pinnules, which also include tube feet.[11] Stem, theca and arms of a “true” (stalked) crinoid (family Isselicrinidae) Oxycomanthus bennetti (comatulid) Tegmen of a Lamprometra palmata. The mouth is located at the center of the 5 feeding grooves, and the anus at the top of the column. Close-up on the cirri that allow comatulids to walk and attach themselves Close-up on the pinnules of a Tropiometra carinata (with parasites Myzostoma fuscomaculatum) BiologyFeeding Close-up on the pinnules with visible rows of translucent podia.Crinoids feed by filtering small particles of food from the sea water with their feather-like arms. The tube feet are covered with a sticky mucus that traps any food that floats past. Once they have caught a particle of food, the tube feet can flick it into the ambulacral groove, where the cilia are able to propel the stream of mucus towards the mouth. Generally speaking, crinoids living in environments with relatively little plankton have longer and more highly branched arms than those living in rich environments.[11] The mouth descends into a short oesophagus. There is no true stomach, so the oesophagus connects directly to the intestine, which runs in a single loop right around the inside of the calyx. The intestine often includes numerous diverticulae, some of which may be long or branched. The end of the intestine opens into a short muscular rectum. This ascends towards the anus, which projects from a small conical protuberance at the edge of the tegmen.[11] PredationSpecimens of the sea urchin Calocidaris micans present in a meadow of the crinoid Endoxocrinus parrae, have been shown to contain large quantities of stem portions (or columnals) in the direct vicinity of living crinoids, some of which were upended. The gut content of the sea urchins consisted of articulated ossicles with soft tissue, whereas the local sediment contained only disarticulated ossicles without soft tissue. This makes it highly likely that these sea urchins are predators of the crinoids, and that the crinoids flee, offering part of their stem in the process.[12] Various crinoid fossils hint at possible prehistoric predators. Coprolites of both fish and cephalopods have been found containing ossicles of various crinoids, such as the pelagic crinoid Saccocoma, from the Jurassic lagerstatten Solnhofen,[13] while damaged crinoid stems with bite marks matching the toothplates of coccosteid placoderms have been found in Late Devonian Poland.[14] The calyxes of several Devonian to Carboniferous-aged crinoids have the shells of a snail, Platyceras, intimately associated with them.[15] Some have the snail situated over the anus, suggesting that Platyceras was a coprophagous commensal, while others have the animal directly situated over a borehole, suggesting a more pernicious relationship.[16] Circulatory systemsLike other echinoderms, crinoids possess a water vascular system that maintains hydraulic pressure in the tube feet. This is not connected to external sea water, as in other echinoderms, but only to the body cavity. The body cavity is itself somewhat restricted, being largely replaced by connective tissue, although it is present as narrow canals within the arms and stalk.[11] Crinoids also possess a separate haemal system, consisting of fluid-filled sinuses within the connective tissue. There is a large plexus of sinuses around the oesophagus, with branches extending down to a mass of glandular tissue at the base of the calyx.[11] These various fluid-filled spaces, in addition to transporting nutrients around the body, also function as both a respiratory and an excretory system. Oxygen is absorbed primarily through the tube feet, which are the most thin-walled parts of the body, while waste is collected by phagocytic coelomocytes.[11] Nervous systemThe crinoid nervous system is divided into three parts, with numerous connections between them. The uppermost portion is the only one homologous with the nervous systems of other echinoderms. It consists of a central nerve ring surrounding the mouth, and radial nerves branching into the arms. Below this lies a second nerve ring, giving off two brachial nerves into each arm. Both of these sets of nerves are sensory in nature, with the lower set supplying the pinnules and tube feet.[11] The third portion of the nervous system lies below the other two, and is responsible for motor action. This is centred on a mass of neural tissue near the base of the calyx, and provides a single nerve to each arm and a number of nerves to the stalk.[11] Reproduction and life cycleCrinoids are dioecious, with separate male and female individuals. They have no true gonads, producing their gametes from genital canals found inside some of the pinnules. The pinnules eventually rupture to release the sperm and eggs into the surrounding sea water.[11] The fertilised eggs hatch to release a free-swimming vitellaria larva. The larva is barrel-shaped with rings of cilia running round the body, and a tuft of sensory hairs at the upper pole. In some cases females have been known to temporarily brood the larvae using chambers within the arms. While both feeding and non-feeding larvae exist among the four other extant echinoderm classes, all present day crinoids appears to be descendants from a surviving clade that went through a bottleneck after the Permian extinction, which had lost its feeding larval stage.[17] The larva’s free-swimming period lasts only for a few days before settling to the bottom and attaching itself to the underlying surface using an adhesive gland on its ventral surface. The larva then metamorphoses into a stalked juvenile. Even the free-swimming feather stars sometimes go through this stage, with the adult eventually breaking away from the stalk.[11] Within 10 to 16 months the crinoid will be able to reproduce.[citation needed] Mobility A stalked crinoid (white) and a comatulid (red) in deep sea, showing the differences between these two sister groupsMost modern crinoids, i.e., the feather stars, are free-swimming and lack a stem as adults. Examples of fossil crinoids that have been interpreted as free-swimming include Marsupitsa, Saccocoma and Uintacrinus.[citation needed] In 2005, a stalked crinoid was recorded pulling itself along the sea floor off the Grand Bahama Island. While it has been known that stalked crinoids move, before this recording the fastest motion of a crinoid was 0.6 metres/hour (2 ft/h) 0.0167 cm/s (centimeters per second). The 2005 recording showed a crinoid moving much faster, at a rate of 4-5 centimeters/second (144 to 180 meters per hour).[18] EvolutionSee also: List of echinodermata ordersOrigins Agaricocrinus americanus, a fossil crinoid from the Carboniferous of Indiana Middle Jurassic (Callovian) Apiocrinites crinoid pluricolumnals from the Matmor Formation in Hamakhtesh Hagadol, southern IsraelIf one ignores the enigmatic Echmatocrinus of the Burgess Shale, the earliest known unequivocal crinoid groups date back to the Ordovician. There are two competing hypotheses pertaining to the origin of the group: the traditional viewpoint holds that crinoids evolved from within the blastozoans (the eocrinoids and their derived descendants, the blastoids and the cystoids), whereas the most popular alternative suggests that the crinoids split early from among the edrioasteroids.[19] The debate is difficult to settle, in part because all three candidate ancestors share many characteristics, including radial symmetry, calcareous plates, and stalked or direct attachment to the substrate.[19] DiversityThe crinoids underwent two periods of abrupt adaptive radiation; the first during the Ordovician, the other was during the early Triassic after they underwent a selective mass extinction at the end of the Permian period.[20] This Triassic radiation resulted in forms possessing flexible arms becoming widespread; motility, predominantly a response to predation pressure, also became far more prevalent.[21] This radiation occurred somewhat earlier than the Mesozoic marine revolution, possibly because it was mainly prompted by increases in benthic predation, specifically of echinoids.[22] After the end-Permian extinction, crinoids never regained the morphological diversity they enjoyed in the Paleozoic; they employed a different suite of the ecological strategies open to them from those that had proven so successful in the Paleozoic.[20] The long and varied geological history of the crinoids demonstrates how well the echinoderms have adapted to filter-feeding. The fossils of other stalked filter-feeding echinoderms, such as blastoids, are also found in rocks of the Palaeozoic era. These extinct groups can exceed the crinoids in both numbers and variety in certain strata. However, none of these others survived the crisis at the end of the Permian period. FossilsSome fossil crinoids, such as Pentacrinites, seem to have lived attached to floating driftwood and complete colonies are often found. Sometimes this driftwood would become waterlogged and sink to the bottom, taking the attached crinoids with it. The stem of Pentacrinites can be several metres long. Modern relatives of Pentacrinites live in gentle currents attached to rocks by the end of their stem. The largest fossil crinoid on record had a stem 40 m (130 ft) in length.[23] In 2012, three geologists reported they had isolated complex organic molecules from 340-million-year-old (Mississippian) fossils of multiple species of crinoids. Identified as “resembl[ing …] aromatic or polyaromatic quinones”, these are the oldest molecules to be definitively associated with particular individual fossils, as they are believed to have been sealed inside ossicle pores by precipitated calcite during the fossilization process.[24]

Frequently Asked Questions About Crinoid Fossil Stem Echinoid Mineral Sea Life Specimen w/ Display Case & ID Card in My Website

www.amea-care.gr is the best online shopping platform where you can buy Crinoid Fossil Stem Echinoid Mineral Sea Life Specimen w/ Display Case & ID Card from renowned brand(s). www.amea-care.gr delivers the most unique and largest selection of products from across the world especially from the US, UK and India at best prices and the fastest delivery time.

What are the best-selling Crinoid Fossil Stem Echinoid Mineral Sea Life Specimen w/ Display Case & ID Card on www.amea-care.gr?

www.amea-care.gr helps you to shop online and delivers Fila to your doorstep. The best-selling Fila on www.amea-care.gr are: Fila Vf9240 Col 0700 Shiny Black Rectangle Eyeglasses Frames 55-14-140 Fila Womens Memory Foam Sneakers Pink Blue Gray White Size 9.5 FILA MB Mens Basketball Shoes Size 11 Egret Gray Blue Yellow Jamal Mashburn Fila Original Fitness Shoes Mens Sz 13 Blue White Red Low Top Sneakers Fila Doublewide Solid Wristbands FILA Axilus 2.5 Energized Purple Tie Dye Tennis Shoes – Womens S 9.5 MSRP – $115 Fila All Terrain Black Men’s Athletic Shoes – 1JM01275-016 Size 10.5 Women’s Fila Disruptor II Premium White/Navy/Red 5FM00002-125 FILA Men’s TERATACH 600 MID Size 10.5 White /Gardenia/ Gum Patent Leather FILA A-High Triple Black Faux Leather Shoes Men Sneakers Fila Forlani Outline Flag Womens White Motorsport Inspired Sneakers Shoes Fila Disruptor Ii Midnight Garden Womens Shoes Fila OakMont TR Trainers 1JM01747-704 Men’s Size 7 NEW without box Fila Men’s Mid-Cut A-High Athletic Sneakers 1CM00540-600 Red Size 13M Fila Grant Hill 2 Sneakers for Men – WhiteBlack -Size 45 FILA MB Mens Basketball Shoes Size 10 Beige Black Orange Blue Jamal Mashburn FILA MB Mens Athletic Basketball Shoes Size 11.5 Black Red Bred Jamal Mashburn Fila Men’s F13 PS Shoes Suede Gray Size 10 Fila Ray Tracer TR 2 Mid Shoes – NEW Mens Size 12 Black / Black – #44881-TOP Men’s T-Shirt-FILA Stacked Logos Retro Sporty Style-100% Cotton-Size S_M_L Fila Grant Hill 3 Woven Mens Shoes Fila Women’s Disruptor II Premium Athletic Sneakers Size 10 FILA BOOTS BLACK MENS ZIP CHASTIZER 1LM00116-001 Fila Volley Zone Pickleball Mens Black Sneakers Athletic Shoes 1PM00596-016 Fila Morales Men’s Size 11 Shoes Black Canvas Low Top Sneakers 1CM01544-013 Men FILA Renno Red Suede White Blue RETRO EDITION Running Lace Up Sneakers 10 Fila Ray TRACER mens Size 11 Athletic Shoes New Fila Disruptor II Animal Women’s Size 7.5 Athletic Fashion Shoes 5XM00806-992 Fila Fazal Basketball Shoes Size 10 M Fila Men’s Black Stackhouse Spaghetti Basketball Sneakers 1BM01871 Mens Fila Original Fitness Classic Retro Casual Athletic Shoes White Navy Red NEW FILA Motorsport Exalade 6 Women’s Black Athletic Shoes Sneakers Size 6.5 FILA Disruptor 2 Premium , Women’s 6, Chunky Leather Sneakers, 100 Triple White Fila Original Fitness Men’s Shoes Black-White 1FM01722-021 Fila Axilus Lace Up Youth Boys Blue Sneakers Casual Shoes 3TM00597-430 Fila Men’s A-High Shoes Sneakers 1CM00540-100 – White/White Fila Suspence Winspeed Athletic Running Shoes Grey Pink Size 7.5 New Size 6Y / Women’s 7.5 FILA F-13 Weather Tech Boots 3SH40121-060 CastleRock Fila Womens 5CM00772-125 White Casual Shoes Sneakers Size 11 Fila Men’s Disruptor II Premium Shoes White/Navy/Red 1FM00139-125 Fila Men’s Black Trazorus 2 Energized Sneaker Shoe Walking Athletic Gym NEW! Fila Impress LL Yellow Athletic Shoe Men 10 FILA Fila Stack 2 MSS23004109 White Blue Silver Fila All Terrain Black Men’s Athletic Shoes – 1SHW0262-002 – Size 11.5 FILA ORIGINAL FITNESS Shoes Women’s US 6.5 EU 37.5 Canary Yellow 5FM00631-732 FILA Womens Sneakers SORE 2 Running Training ATHLETIC Shoes SIZE 9.5 Grey Fila Mb Stitch Mens Shoes NIB – FILA – Women’s Sleek Marble Slide Sandals, Pink & White, 8 Men’s FILA A-Low Classic Casual Comfy Shoe / Triple White / 1CM00551 100 Fila black sneakers memory foam size 9 Men’s Fila Sneakers/Shoes High Top Black Size 12 Basketball Lace up/Hook & Loop Fila Renno X Dragon Ball Super Vegeta Sneakers Fila Heritage Tormo Platform Pink Women’s Shoes Size 7 Sample New Without Box Fila Disruptor II Wedge 5CM01842-014 Womens Black Lifestyle Sneakers Shoes Fila Vulc 13 Marble Mens Shoes Size 8.5 : White/Metallic Gold/White Fila Red Crimson Skyweave Men’s Sneaker, #1CM00356-600, Size 9 Fila Armada Mens Shoes FILA Women’s Disruptor II Premium Pale Banana Sneakers Fila Breakaway 10 Mens Shoes Fila Women’s Renno Sneakers Lemon/Knockout/ Pink Black 5CM01616-710 Size 7.5 M Fila Disruptor II Checker Womens Shoes Size 9 Black/White Checkered Men’s Fila, Chastizer Work Boot 1LM00984-001 Solid Black Leather Mesh Synthetic Fila Men’s Oakmont Tr [1JM01565-865] Sneaker Shoes, 11 M US Fila Oakmont TR Mid Men’s Shoes Ponderosa-Espresso-Black 1JM01276-362 FILA Sneakers Women’s 8 Purple Memory Foam Cool Max Athletic Running Shoes Fila Lombardi Mint Sneakers 10 Women Lace Up Low Top Running Shoes 5RM00366-421 FILA Blue/white Running Athletic Shoes Womens Size 9 1/2 Fila Edgewater 12 PB 1HM00872-467 Mens Blue Synthetic Casual Dress Boots Fila Disruptor II Wedge 5CM01842-013 Womens Black Lifestyle Sneakers Shoes Fila Sandenal Men’s – 1RM02203-117 Fila Sandenal Men’s Shoes Seedpearl-Oxford Tan-Black 1RM01646-201 FILA RAY TRACER TR 2 Sneakers DSMT/BTRR/LEMO -248 New Women’s Sz 5.5 Pink Fila Disruptor 2 Sneakers Premium Shoes Running Mens Fila Grant Hill 2 25th Anniversary Basketball Shoe / Black / 1BM01374 / NEW FILA Mens Size 6.5 Electrove 2 Chunky Sneaker Shoes Orange Black Street FILA Women’s Disruptor II Premium Silver Sneakers Fila Forlani Outline Flag Mens White Motorsport Inspired Sneakers Shoes Fila Windshift 15 Womens Shoes Fila Memory Stir Up 3 size 7 gray/mint women’s running shoes NEW 5RM02131-253 Men Fila Sneakers Navy Blue White Red Size 8 Fila Mens Superstride 4 1RM01889-001 Black Lace Up Sneaker Shoes Size 9.5 Fila Men’s Skele-Toes EZ-SLIDE Barefoot Summer Water Shoes Black Outdoor 8 Med Fila Faux Suede Hightop Sneakers Shoes Athletic Mens Size 9 Black FW00420-003 Fila Mens 1SC60526-030 Black Basketball Shoes Sneakers Size 12 Fila Armada Mens Shoes Fila 1CM01569-019 Fila Renno N Generation Men’s Size 10.5 Black Gray Orange Men’s FILA Renno Sneakers, Pre-Owned, 10 1/2, Minimal Wear, EUC Fila Stackhouse Spaghetti Men’s Shoes Black-Pinecone-Purple 1BM01269-972 Women’s FILA No Show Socks [1BM01873-125] NEW MEN’S FILA STACKHOUSE SPAGHETTI WHITE FILA NAVY FILA RED FM80 FILA~NWOB!!~BLACK LEATHER LACE-UP SLIP RESISTANT MEMORY FOAM SNEAKERS WOM: 11W Men’s Size 9 FILA Oakmont TR S/N 1JM01565-865 Fila Speedserve Energized Tennis Mens White Sneakers Athletic Shoes 1TM01778-10 [1BM00866-125] Mens Fila GRANT HILL 2 [1BM01788-014] Mens Fila STACKHOUSE SPAGHETTI Mens 8.5 – Fila Fast Trek Trail 1JM01662-055 Gray Synthetic Running Hiking Shoes Fila Mens Vulc 13 1SC60526-125 White Basketball Shoes Sneakers Size 8 Fila Corda Lace Up Mens Black Sneakers Casual Shoes 1TM01797-001 Mens FILA Teratach 600 Casual Athletic Work Shoe/ Black Red White / 1BM00872 014 Men’s Fila Original Fitness Casual Shoe 11-F16LT-150 New In Box Size 10.5 Mens Pullover Fleece Hoodie

Αντιστοιχισμένο

Αφήστε μια απάντηση

Η ηλ. διεύθυνση σας δεν δημοσιεύεται. Τα υποχρεωτικά πεδία σημειώνονται με *

Back to top button